Technology NovaSphere is an advanced form of virtual reality that allows individuals to have absolute control over events, people and surroundings in a virtual world. Once NovaSphere is used, a person can't go back to reality.

For the purposes of this debate, Enemy Criminal Law refers to a separate body of criminal law that applies only to individuals who are members of two of the biggest organized criminal groups namely the PCC and Comando Vermelho. Under Enemy Criminal Law, investigation, surveillance, and evidence-gathering powers available to the state are expanded; pretrial detention, wiretapping, and confidentiality rules are less restrictive, and penalties for convicted members are higher than under ordinary criminal law.

For purpose of the debate, the "Ancestry Recall Gene" is a gene that activates once the brain has reached maturity. The ancestry recall gene passes down memories, experiences, and knowledge from one generation to the next through genetic inheritance. This means offspring are born with pre-existing knowledge or instincts, not learned through experience but encoded in their DNA, without needing direct learning.

"Hedging" describes the foreign policy strategy pursued by most ASEAN states since the 2010s: maintaining economic and diplomatic ties with both the United States and China simultaneously, avoiding formal alignment with either power, and using ASEAN's collective platform to preserve strategic autonomy.

Traditionally, VC firms invest minority stakes in early-stage startup. Increasingly, some VC firms are adopting strategies more commonly associated with PE, such as acquiring controlling stakes, merging portfolio companies within the same industry, or installing external management teams.

Vertical Densification means building taller and increasing density within a city's existing footprint and infrastructure. Horizontal Expansion means extending the city's footprint outward into new or peripheral land.

Climate Realism is a U.S. environmental doctrine that argues current global climate goals are unlikely to be met and that unilateral U.S. emissions cuts have limited impact. It claims the existing clean energy transition strengthens China’s geopolitical position in clean-tech manufacturing. Instead, it advocates for short-term adaptation policies for domestic climate impacts, and long-term investment in U.S. clean energy industries to lower emissions abroad through adoption of U.S.-made technologies.